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2011 PA Budget More of The Same for Education

And that’s a good thing. (Although, those who don’t work in education or who do not sell in the education market may have very different feelings.)

It’s no secret that Rendell is attempting to create his legacy (or infamy) through education funding. Since he took office in 2003 he has raised basic education funding by 35% or nearly $1.4 billion. (The goal is 2.6B by 2014)

Rendell is now asking for a 4.9 percent increase in public school spending over last year for a total of $9.8 billion. This increase comes in the form of an additional $633 million into the basic education fund.

Opponents of the budget point out that this entire increase is created by the current federal stimulus bill. June 30, 2011 will mark the end of that program leaving a tab of $633 million if the basic education subsidy is to be carried forward at the same level.

This funding is completely separate from the $380 million in federal stimulus that is going directly to the districts for special education and low-income students.

Overall it looks like this will be a good year for education spending at the expense of gum, candy and personal hygiene products.

Governor’s Page with links to more information: http://bit.ly/9T6q7W

Great post on the Times-Tribune site detailing the NEPA schools and the amounts they will receive under the proposed budget. http://bit.ly/aGWyh0

Use CPS with Examview

eInstruction’s Classroom Performance System (CPS) allows teachers to get real time data while they teach.  Sometimes though, there is not time to prepare questions or a teacher simply wants pre-built content.

Examview is a digital content gallery.  Over the years it has amassed more than 14,000 standard aligned k12 questions from more than 60 leading text book publishers.  If you’ve opened a new  textbook and found a content cd in the back  then you have the Examview content for that book.

This library can be used to build paper tests or electronic tests which  can then be administered, graded and reported on quickly and easily with CPS clickers.  As a bonus, Examview Test Generator is able to mirror the format of  state tests and can generate a bubble type test which can then be read by a scanner.

For the  purpose of this demo, we’ll  show how you can quickly and easily pull the library of digital content into CPS.  The first method allows you to choose the specific questions that you would like to teach.

Method 1: Pre-selected questions or test

  1. Open Examview  Test  Generator
  2. Choose “From Scratch” or “Wizard” (From scratch will allow you to  pick and choose individual questions, wizard will  allow you to  choose question types but Examview will randomly choose the questions from the bank for you)
  3. If using “from scratch” click the binoculars on the top toolbar.
  4. Choose “Learning Series” and then continue  to select your subject area, grade level and content area.
  5. Once you click “OK” it will  load the bank or banks of content that you selected.  Click on the check  box  to the left of a question to select it and add it to your test.
  6. When done click “finish” and your test will be generated.  You can now print the test or save it to import into CPS.
  7. Make a note of where you’ve saved the test.  The default is in the Examview folder in tests.
  8. Open CPS
  9. If you are adding this test  to an existing lesson then go to the prepare  tab and click on the lesson.  If you don’t have a lesson yet then go to the prepare tab and click new – select lesson.
  10. Once  you have selected your lesson and it is highlighted click the “add files” tab.  Browse to the folder where you saved your test, select the test and click “ok.”

Method 2: Import all questions in a bank

  1. Open CPS
  2. In the prepare tab create a new lesson or select the lesson that you would like to add content to.
  3. Click on “add files”
  4. Browse to the Examview folder, Learning Series then the subject area, grade level and content that you would like to import.
  5. Click  “ok” and the entire bank of selected questions will be imported to the selected lesson.

Loading Multiple Addresses Into Google Earth

As a visual learner I sometimes struggle to translate rows/columns of data into meaningful information.  Graphs, charts and other means of visually reporting data are a huge help to me.

I’ve used geotagging in Google Earth before with good results.  At one time I needed a way to better market an event and used addresses from attendees to map about 15% of my total attendance.  This gave me a quick snapshot of where to market based on attendance patterns.

Most recently I needed to visually gauge the schools in Northern PA and plan some of my upcoming trips.  I wanted to quickly view groups of districts and easily see where I needed to be and where I had already been.  I’ll quickly outline how I tackled the process, you can then apply the method to your own needs.  If you are aware of a more streamlined process please let me know.

As a brief aside; this process could be much easier if Google would include the features of Google Earth Pro.  Google, who have made their mark as a creator and promoter of open-source solutions, took the feature that is most useful to its users and made it part of the paid only version.  If you would like to save the time  and effort of the following tutorial simply go to www.thepiratebay.org or www.mininova.org and pirate the Pro version.

Step 1:  Prepare your database

You will need a file that contains the street addresses and description of your points of interest (POI).  For this project let’s use this pre-made Excel spreadsheet (links to my dropbox account since the original file requires winrar to unzip). The original spreadsheet comes from ExceltoKML which we will return to later  in the project.

Step 2:  Geotag your addresses

Geotagging is the  process of translating a street/city/state/zip into a lattitude and longitude.  I’ve experimented with several sites but found the highest accuracy and best results with the one below.  The only drawback to this site  is  that it adds an additional step once we get back into Excel.

www.stevemorse.com – Copy the full address of your POIs into the box on  the website and click “Process”.You will find that it returns the lattitude and longitude together.  This means that when you paste the results back into Excel they will both be together in the same cell.

No problem!  Highlight all your Excel cells that now have the lattitude and longitude.  Click on “Data” on your toolbar  and then select “Text to Columns.”  This will bring  up an option box.  Make sure that “Delimited” is selected and then click next. On the following  page  uncheck “Tab” and make sure that “Comma” is selected.  Click “Next” and if the  preview looks good you may click “Finish.”

Step 3:  Convert to KML

The free version of Google Earth doesn’t allow you to simply open up an Excel file.  This means that we must now translate our  geocoded data into a file type that Google Earth can read, a KML.

Go to ExceltoKML.  Before we code the data we have a few options.  If you scroll down the  page you will see descriptions of the various fields in our  Excel  spreadsheet.  At this point we can choose  which icons we would like for each address.  If you have many addresses I would encourage you to mark “TRUE” in the field that says “hide name until mouseover”  This will simply put an icon on the map and only show the text description when you mouse over the icon.  This cleans up the map a little if it is crowded.

At this point you can save multiple versions of your Excel file.  For example:  I might want a map that only has two icons.  One for schools that I’ve visited this year and one for schools that I haven’t.  Or I may want a map that has has a different icon based on which software solution the district is using.  This is based entirely on your project needs.  You can always go back and edit this file.

Once you have chosen your options you return to the ExceltoKML site and click the “Browse” button to find your file.  Once found, click “View on Google Earth” which will give you the option to save the file to  your pc.  Do this, and make note of where your downloads are stored.  Now you have a KML  file that you can open in Google Earth anytime.

Digital Literacy Fueling Student Writing

Clive Thompson recently posted a great article on Wired.com (link to original post).  The article, based on the studies of  Andrea Lunsford, a professor of writing and rhetoric at Stanford University.  The conclusion that Andrea draws is that the digital age of wikis, blogs, email, texting and other communication tools has led to a massive increase in student writing.

By Clive Thompson

As the school year begins, be ready to hear pundits fretting once again about how kids today can’t write—and technology is to blame. Facebook encourages narcissistic blabbering, video and PowerPoint have replaced carefully crafted essays, and texting has dehydrated language into “bleak, bald, sad shorthand” (as University College of London English professor John Sutherland has moaned). An age of illiteracy is at hand, right?

Andrea Lunsford isn’t so sure. Lunsford is a professor of writing and rhetoric at Stanford University, where she has organized a mammoth project called the Stanford Study of Writing to scrutinize college students’ prose. From 2001 to 2006, she collected 14,672 student writing samples—everything from in-class assignments, formal essays, and journal entries to emails, blog posts, and chat sessions. Her conclusions are stirring.

“I think we’re in the midst of a literacy revolution the likes of which we haven’t seen since Greek civilization,” she says. For Lunsford, technology isn’t killing our ability to write. It’s reviving it—and pushing our literacy in bold new directions.

The first thing she found is that young people today write far more than any generation before them. That’s because so much socializing takes place online, and it almost always involves text. Of all the writing that the Stanford students did, a stunning 38 percent of it took place out of the classroom—life writing, as Lunsford calls it. Those Twitter updates and lists of 25 things about yourself add up.

It’s almost hard to remember how big a paradigm shift this is. Before the Internet came along, most Americans never wrote anything, ever, that wasn’t a school assignment. Unless they got a job that required producing text (like in law, advertising, or media), they’d leave school and virtually never construct a paragraph again.

But is this explosion of prose good, on a technical level? Yes. Lunsford’s team found that the students were remarkably adept at what rhetoricians call kairos—assessing their audience and adapting their tone and technique to best get their point across. The modern world of online writing, particularly in chat and on discussion threads, is conversational and public, which makes it closer to the Greek tradition of argument than the asynchronous letter and essay writing of 50 years ago.

The fact that students today almost always write for an audience (something virtually no one in my generation did) gives them a different sense of what constitutes good writing. In interviews, they defined good prose as something that had an effect on the world. For them, writing is about persuading and organizing and debating, even if it’s over something as quotidian as what movie to go see. The Stanford students were almost always less enthusiastic about their in-class writing because it had no audience but the professor: It didn’t serve any purpose other than to get them a grade. As for those texting short-forms and smileys defiling serious academic writing? Another myth. When Lunsford examined the work of first-year students, she didn’t find a single example of texting speak in an academic paper.

Of course, good teaching is always going to be crucial, as is the mastering of formal academic prose. But it’s also becoming clear that online media are pushing literacy into cool directions. The brevity of texting and status updating teaches young people to deploy haiku-like concision. At the same time, the proliferation of new forms of online pop-cultural exegesis—from sprawling TV-show recaps to 15,000-word videogame walkthroughs—has given them a chance to write enormously long and complex pieces of prose, often while working collaboratively with others.

We think of writing as either good or bad. What today’s young people know is that knowing who you’re writing for and why you’re writing might be the most crucial factor of all.

Hats off to PA educators

Tracie Mauriello and Eleanor Chute of the Pittsburgh Post Gazette recently wrote this article detailing an independent report of PA testing score improvement.

In the midst of a budget impasse over how much the state should spend on education, Pennsylvania has received accolades for improvement in its state test scores.

Pennsylvania is the only state in which student performance on its own tests has improved in elementary, middle and high school grade levels in both reading and math as well as at three achievement levels — basic, proficient and advanced — for at least 2002 to 2008, according to a report released yesterday by the Center on Education Policy, an independent public school advocacy group based in Washington, D.C.

Gov. Ed Rendell used the good news about test scores to stump for his education spending plan. “We need to keep moving forward,” he said during a rally in the Capitol rotunda. “We can’t stop now.”

The governor was joined by Jack Jennings, president and chief executive officer of CEP, and comedian and longtime education supporter Bill Cosby.

CEP’s conclusion is based on a study of results of the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment math and reading tests given from 1999 through 2008 for grades 8 and 11 and from 2006 through 2008 for grade 4.

“Pennsylvania is unique in that it has across-the-board gains, all [three] grades, all achievement levels in reading and math,” said Mr. Jennings. “Other states did not have a complete home run.”

Each state gives different state tests, some easier and some harder than others.

“We don’t reach a conclusion to say Pennsylvania is No. 1 in the country in achievement because every state has a different test, ” Mr. Jennings said.

The study also did not examine the causes of Pennsylvania’s improvements, but Mr. Jennings said, “Common sense says, changes of that scope, it has to be state action as well as local action. It can’t just be local action because then you’d have differentiated results. The state must be doing something right as well as local school districts.”

The state-by-state comparison became possible after 2002 as states implemented tests required by the federal No Child Left Behind Act.

Mr. Cosby, who headlined yesterday’s rally at the governor’s request, was in Harrisburg to stump for Mr. Rendell’s education spending plan. He said he hasn’t been following the budget debate but is familiar with the struggle to fund education because it’s happening nationwide.

“Politicians in their speeches always [say], ‘Elect me and I will do good things for education.’ Two days after the swearing in, they talk about cuts,” he said. “No more cuts.”

House and Senate Republicans — who largely oppose Mr. Rendell’s spending plan — have not proposed cutting education spending, but they would keep it at current levels by using federal economic stimulus money. The governor would like to use the federal money to increase basic education spending and continue phasing in a new basic subsidy formula aimed at improved equity and adequacy.

Mr. Rendell argues the state will be left with a gap of about $700 million when stimulus funds dry up in about two years.

The governor also is concerned that the Republican plan would result in cuts to wealthier districts because the federal government requires most of the stimulus money to go to poor districts, said Mr. Rendell’s spokesman, Gary Tuma.

Steve Miskin, spokesman for the House Republican caucus, said, “There’s going to be a gap no matter what, but the gap under the governor’s plan would be gargantuan. Doing what Gov. Rendell wants — increasing spending with federal money he knows will expire — would lead to huge fiscal problems.”